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The purpose of this study is to examine empirically the impacts of gender differences, telecommunication technology (ICT) and other determinants on private savings in 28 selected Asia–Pacific countries.

This study employs the panel data from 2010 to 2017 across 28 selected Asia–Pacific countries. To enhance robustness and address the possibility of endogeneity issue, the present study utilises the fixed effect instrumental variable (IV) estimator to estimate the private savings model for Asia–Pacific region.

The present study finds that private savings is positively related to disposable income and ICT, but it is negatively associated with the degree of dependency. However, the association between interest rates and private savings are inconclusive as both positive substitution and negative income effects on private savings were observed. Moreover, the results also indicate that working females tend to save less than working males and that of the educated female, despite their impacts are varied across educational attainment levels.

This study provides a novel insight into private savings patterns by focussing upon the gender differences and ICT aspects. In stark contrast to previous literature on the issue, the authors find that working and educated females negatively impact private savings in Asia–Pacific economies due to income inequality and consumption habits. However, the results show that ICT accelerates private savings as it provides easy access to financial services and the requisite frameworks, such as e-business platforms, for generating passive income as well as provide the modalities for more cost-efficient shopping such as price and product comparison frames that yield costs savings which can then be potentially channelled into private savings.

In spite of the drive toward environmental sustainability and the attainment of sustainable development goals (SDGs), coal, oil and natural gas energy utilization has remained the Turkey's largest energy mix. In view of this concern, this study examined the role of coal and oil energy utilization in environmental sustainability drive of Turkey from the framework of sustainable development vis-à-vis income expansion over an extended period of 1965–2017.

In this regard, the authors employ carbon emission as an environmental and dependent variable while the Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDPC), coal and oil energy consumption are the explanatory variables employed in the study.

The study found that both energy mixes (coal and oil) have a detrimental impact on the environment in both the short and long run, but oil consumption exerts a less severe impact as compared to coal energy. In addition, sustainable development via income growth is not feasible because the income–environmental degradation relationship follows a U-shaped pattern (invalidating the Environmental Kuznets curve, EKC hypothesis) especially when coal and oil remained the major source of lubrication to the economy. At least the EKC hypothesis is unattainable in Turkey as long as the country's major energy mix or primary energy (coal and oil) is in use, thus the application of other socioeconomic, macroeconomic policies might be essential.

Considering the lingering energy challenge associated with Turkey, this novel insight further presented useful policy perspectives to the government and stakeholders in the country's energy sector.

This evidence (the U-shaped relationship) is further ascertained when the aggregate primary energy is employed. Thus, this study provides a novel insight that attaining a sustainable economic growth in Turkey remained a herculean task as long as a more aggressive energy transition approach is not encouraged.

This study examines whether international tourism demand in the Visegrád countries is influenced by countries' risk rating on environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors, as non-economic factors relating to ESG risks have been ignored by previous researches on determinants of international tourism demand.

The study investigates panel data for the Visegrád countries comprising the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia over the period 1995–2019. Recently developed techniques of augmented mean group (AMG) and common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimators are employed so as to take care of cross-sectional dependence, nonstationary residuals and possible heterogeneous slope coefficients.

The regression estimates suggest that besides economic factors, the perception of international tourists regarding ESG risk is another important determinant of international tourism demand in the Visegrád countries. The study also established that income levels in the tourists' originating countries are the most critical determinant of international tourism demand to the Visegrád countries.

The research outcomes of the study include the need for the Visegrád countries to direct policies towards further mitigating their ESG risks in order to improve future international tourism demand in the area. They also need to ensure exchange rate stability to prevent volatility and sudden spikes in the relative price of tourism in their countries.