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Ageism has deleteriously influenced individuals and society for nearly half a century. Despite receiving increased attention, it remains under-researched regarding how it might be reduced in the workplace. Even though its prevalence and allure, review studies on workplace ageism (WA) are also scarce, and thus a review is warranted.

To fill the preceding void, this study will systematically review the existing literature on WA using data from the past four decades.

This study identified the various antecedents and the intervention mechanism through which WA may be reduced. Additionally, through reviews, the authors advance the research by offering promising avenues for future research.

This review contributes to human resources managers and will inspire future scholars to delve deeper into combating age discrimination, stereotypes and bias toward employees in workplaces.

The purpose of this paper is to promote communication by using music, and through mutual understanding and culture exchange to establish world peace.

The research explains why music promotes world peace and gives examples through empirical research and statistics.

Music (those genres with harmonious melodies, with peaceful purposes and without religious, political objectives) can break down the borders of nation states and bind humanity together. Quoting J.J. Keki’s words: “Peace will begin with simple people.” “We should use whatever we have to create peace. If you think you have the body, use the body to bring peace; if you have music, use your music.” Music contains huge potential of contribution to peacebuilding, such as removal of direct and indirect violence, igniting hope and will of life and help integrating peacefully among communities.

Peacebuilding should not remain as a theoretical idea, as it is argued that it is useful to implement within daily life. Music is a language of communication which can remove hostility. While potentially a good tool for constructing harmony, music can, however, also result in deleterious effects, if it is misused.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss nationalistic education in Hong Kong from a cultural perspective. It highlights the challenges faced by the Hong Kong Government and the growing antagonism and mistrust between the young generation and the government. The paper reviews the cultural policies adopted by the Western Zhou, Han and Tang dynasties in ancient China.

This paper adopts a historical approach by reviewing the policies in music and culture in the Chinese history and argues for the adoption of a soft approach to nationalistic education in Hong Kong.

Results show that being inclusive toward diverse cultures, trusting and valuing people’s voices and accepting differences of opinion are effective policies that were adopted by the respective dynasties. The results shed light on the possibility of nurturing nationalism through education in music and culture.

The historical examples mentioned in this paper are only selected periods of the Chinese history. Thus, the survey could not be taken as a comprehensive review.

This paper reviews the policies concerning music and culture in ancient China and argues for transferring the soft approach of predecessors toward these subjects as part of the nationalistic education of Hong Kong.

The results shown should be considered seriously by the Hong Kong Government as an effective substitute policy for the past stringent approach of implementing national education in Hong Kong. Nationalistic education focusing on music and culture is a common root for all Chinese and should be used in future to build up trust and common values between China and Hong Kong.

The originality of this research lies in its dealing with nationalism and national education, recommending a soft approach to education viewed through the prisms of music and culture.