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This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current privacy concerns in the tourism industry by uncovering the key factors leading to such concerns (i.e. smart public services, cyber security issues, consumer behaviour and governance). Using papers from multiple sources, the relationship between technology advancements and tourist’s privacy concerns has been established.

This study adopted a machine learning-based systematic literature review approach to find out the clusters. The study analysed 68 papers using the topic modelling approach. A four-cluster solution was considered to be most representative of the extant literature identified using bibliographic coupling. Finally, content analysis of the selected literature has been performed.

This study identified four factors majorly leading to privacy concerns amid increasing technological advancements. Moreover, these factors were found to have a dyadic relationship with technological advancements. To everyone’s amazement, sustainable tourism was also found to have led to privacy concerns among tourists along with a lack of governance and cyber security issues. Furthermore, cluster-wise future research directions are provided based on the content analysis.

This study contributes to the literature by systematically reviewing and identifying the four dimensions leading to privacy concerns. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study done is the only attempt to synthesize the extant literature on tourists’ privacy concerns using an unbiased scientific approach.

本研究对旅游业当前的隐私问题进行了全面分析, 以揭示导致此类担忧的关键因素（即智能公共服务、网络安全问题、消费者行为和治理）。 通过考察来自多方渠道的现有文献, 本研究确立了技术进步与游客隐私问题之间的关系。

本研究采用基于机器学习的系统文献综述方法来找出聚类。 该研究使用主题建模方法分析了 68 篇文章。四聚类解决方案是现有文献中最具代表的 文献分类方法。最后, 本研究对所选文献进行了内容分析。

这项研究确定了在技术进步不断增加的情况下主要导致隐私问题的四个因素。 此外, 这些因素被发现与技术进步有二元关系。 本研究还发现可持续旅游业引发了游客对隐私的担忧以及缺乏治理和网络安全问题。 此外, 通过基于内容的分析, 本研究提供了未来的聚类研究方向。

本研究对现有文献的贡献在于通过系统地文献综述和分析以确定导致隐私问题的四个维度。该研究是基于公正的科学方法综合现有游客隐私问题文献的首度尝试。

Este estudio proporciona un análisis exhaustivo de la actual preocupación por la privacidad en el sector turístico, poniendo al descubierto los factores clave que la generan (los servicios públicos inteligentes, los problemas de ciberseguridad, el comportamiento de los consumidores y la gobernanza). Gracias al uso de artículos de múltiples fuentes, se ha establecido la relación entre los avances tecnológicos y la preocupación de los turistas por la privacidad.

Este estudio adoptó un enfoque de revisión sistemática de la literatura basado en el aprendizaje automático para descubrir los conglomerados. El estudio analizó sesenta y ocho artículos utilizando el enfoque de modelización de temas. Se consideró que una solución de cuatro conglomerados era la más representativa de la literatura existente identificada mediante el acoplamiento bibliográfico. Por último, se realizó un análisis de contenido de la bibliografía seleccionada.

En este estudio se identificaron cuatro factores principales que suscitan inquietud por la privacidad en medio de los crecientes avances tecnológicos. Además, se descubrió que estos factores tienen una relación diádica con dichos avances. Para sorpresa de todos, se halló que el turismo sostenible, junto con la falta de gobernanza y los problemas de ciberseguridad, también suscitan entre los turistas preocupaciones por su privacidad. Finalmente, el análisis de contenido ofrece orientaciones para futuras investigaciones.

Este estudio contribuye a la literatura haciendo una revisión sistemática e identificando las cuatro dimensiones que conducen a la preocupación por la privacidad. Este estudio es el único intento de sintetizar la bibliografía existente sobre la preocupación de los turistas por su privacidad utilizando un enfoque científico imparcial.

This study aims to elucidate the dynamics of social media discourse during global health events, specifically investigating how users across different platforms perceive, react to and engage with information concerning such crises.

A mixed-method approach was employed, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection. Initially, thematic analysis was applied to a data set of social media posts across four major platforms over a 12-month period. This was followed by sentiment analysis to discern the predominant emotions embedded within these communications. Statistical tools were used to validate findings, ensuring robustness in the results.

The results showcased discernible thematic and emotional disparities across platforms. While some platforms leaned toward factual information dissemination, others were rife with user sentiments, anecdotes and personal experiences. Overall, a global sense of concern was evident, but the ways in which this concern manifested varied significantly between platforms.

The primary limitation is the potential non-representativeness of the sample, as only four major social media platforms were considered. Future studies might expand the scope to include emerging platforms or non-English language platforms. Additionally, the rapidly evolving nature of social media discourse implies that findings might be time-bound, necessitating periodic follow-up studies.

Understanding the nature of discourse on various platforms can guide health organizations, policymakers and communicators in tailoring their messages. Recognizing where factual information is required, versus where sentiment and personal stories resonate, can enhance the efficacy of public health communication strategies.

The study underscores the societal reliance on social media for information during crises. Recognizing the different ways in which communities engage with, and are influenced by, platform-specific discourse can help in fostering a more informed and empathetic society, better equipped to handle global challenges.

This research is among the first to offer a comprehensive, cross-platform analysis of social media discourse during a global health event. By comparing user engagement across platforms, it provides unique insights into the multifaceted nature of public sentiment and information dissemination during crises.