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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential variances in strategic entrepreneurial small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across different countries while also exploring the cultural implications that may arise.

In this study, a qualitative research approach was used, involving semi-structured interviews conducted with seven technology start-ups from two countries – Portugal and France.

The results of this study demonstrate significant differences in opportunity-seeking, performance and long-term orientation behaviors between the technology start-ups in Portugal and France.

This knowledge can help entrepreneurs and investors make informed decisions when developing strategies, entering new markets or seeking partnerships with start-ups from different countries. Furthermore, policymakers can use these findings to support entrepreneurship initiatives and foster an environment that encourages strategic entrepreneurship practices.

This study offers a unique perspective by focusing on the firm level of entrepreneurial SMEs and the strategic practices adopted by technology start-ups in Portugal and France. In contrast, prior studies have predominantly centred on analysing individual motivations for entrepreneurship, such as personal traits or attitudes, rather than exploring the actual strategic behaviors and practices of start-ups in various countries. By shifting the emphasis to the firm level, this study provides a more comprehensive understanding of how strategic entrepreneurship practices differ across different cultural contexts. As such, it represents a significant contribution to the existing literature on strategic entrepreneurship.

This study focuses on exploring charismatic leadership within Lebanese Information Technology (IT) small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and its influence on productivity. Through an in-depth analysis of the charismatic qualities and behaviors exhibited by leaders in these organizations, this research aims to delineate how such attributes may shape productivity levels. This study aims to deepen our understanding of leadership dynamics within the context of Lebanese IT SMEs, providing essential insights that can contribute to the enhancement of organizational performance and success.

This fundamental research used a quantitative approach and a purposive sampling method to select 342 Lebanese IT SMEs for primary data collection through a survey. Statistical regression analysis was then applied to treat the collected data.

The findings of this study reveal a positive correlation between charismatic leadership and increased innovation behavior among group or board members. This correlation can be strengthened by fostering a sense of ownership toward innovation and by ensuring a healthy work-life balance. Furthermore, the creation of an environment that emphasizes open communication and trust can enhance this correlation.

The implications of these findings are significant for organizations seeking to enhance their innovation capabilities. They suggest that investing in the development of charismatic leadership skills can be a valuable strategy for fostering innovation and creativity.

This study offers a unique and practical assessment of the role that charismatic leadership plays in maintaining resilient firm structures, especially during periods of political and economic instability.

This study aims to explore the political dimension of social network theory and assess how these connections motivate entrepreneurial activity and enhance postentry stages. The authors take an individualistic approach to the topic of institutional deterioration by uncovering the potential opportunities it can create, as entrepreneurship often arises when a market opportunity is perceived.

This study used a quantitative approach, using a self-selection sampling method to target private entities that own electric generators (also known as “illicit SMEs”) who are providing electricity services to the community despite the deterioration of the public energy sector in Lebanon. Data was collected through a survey administered electronically to 230 illicit SMEs, using a judgmental sampling method to ensure representation from all Lebanese governorates. The collected data was analyzed using ordinal least squares regression models.

The findings indicate a significant relationship between institutional deterioration and the reinvestment rate of entrepreneurs, with the moderating effect of political connections suggesting that the impact of institutional deterioration is dependent on the strength of an entrepreneur’s political connections.

The research findings demonstrate the significant influence of social ties and political connections on entrepreneurial activities, particularly in the context of SMEs that are providing services “illegally”. These results shed light on the importance of considering the role of social and political factors in the success and sustainability of entrepreneurial ventures operating in challenging environments.

Entrepreneurial studies typically focus on free market platforms and supply-demand associations, assuming perfect government conditions. However, this study differs from previous research by highlighting the positive impact of social ties on entrepreneurial market access within a socially linked environment. The findings suggest the importance of considering social connections in entrepreneurial studies, particularly in challenging economic and political contexts.