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Resiliency is essential for achieving the necessary level of performance and ensuring the survival of a new business during difficult times. However, neither this characteristic nor its antecedents have been exhaustively studied. Using a configuration approach, this study aims to analyze the neuropsychological and business-related characteristics of entrepreneurs that may explain their resilience during the business development process.

Using the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), the authors investigated distinct characteristics of Costa Rican agro-entrepreneurs with high levels of entrepreneurial resilience. The fsQCA methodology identifies combinations of causal measures that result in the outcome.

From the mixture of configurations, the authors found four combinations of individual’s characteristics that explain the profile of a resilient agro-entrepreneur.

This work contributes to the literature on agricultural entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial resilience. This study identifies four distinct combinations of entrepreneurs’ characteristics that produce entrepreneurial resilience in the agricultural industry. Moreover, it incorporates individuals’ business-related attributes into examining characteristics combinations that affect resilience. Also, this research offers agro-entrepreneurs’ stakeholders, valuable insights to develop more resilient entrepreneurs.

La resiliencia es esencial para lograr el nivel de rendimiento necesario y garantizar la supervivencia de un nuevo negocio en tiempos difíciles. Sin embargo, ni esta característica ni sus antecedentes han sido exhaustivamente estudiados. Empleando un enfoque de configuración, este estudio busca analizar las características neuropsicológicas y empresariales de los emprendedores que pueden explicar su resiliencia durante el proceso de desarrollo empresarial.

Utilizando el análisis cualitativo comparativo de conjuntos difusos (fsQCA, por sus siglas en inglés), investigamos distintas características de los agroemprendedores costarricenses con altos niveles de resiliencia emprendedora. La metodología fsQCA identifica combinaciones de medidas causales que originan un fenómeno o resultado.

A partir de la mezcla de configuraciones, encontramos cuatro combinaciones de características del individuo que explican el perfil de un agroemprendedor resiliente.

Nuestro trabajo contribuye a la literatura sobre emprendimiento agrícola y resiliencia emprendedora. Este estudio identifica cuatro combinaciones distintas de las características de los emprendedores que producen resiliencia emprendedora en la industria agrícola. Además, incorpora las características empresariaes de los individuos al examinar las combinaciones de características que afectan la resiliencia. También, nuestra investigación ofrece a los públicos de interés información valiosa para desarrollar emprendedores más resilientes.

A resiliência é essencial para alcançar o nível de desempenho necessário e garantir a sobrevivência de um novo negócio em tempos difíceis. Porém, nem esta característica nem seus antecedentes foram exaustivamente estudados. Empregando uma abordagem de configuração, este estudo busca analisar as características neuropsicológicas e empresariais de empreendedores que podem explicar sua resiliência no processo de desenvolvimento de negócios.

Usando a análise comparativa qualitativa do conjunto difuso (fsQCA), investigamos características distintas de agroempreendedores costarriquenhos com altos níveis de resiliência empreendedora. A metodologia fsQCA identifica combinações de medidas causais que causam um fenômeno ou resultado.

A partir da mistura de configurações, encontramos quatro combinações de características individuais que explicam o perfil de um agroempreendedor resiliente.

Nosso trabalho contribui para a literatura sobre empreendedorismo agrícola e resiliência empreendedora. Este estudo identifica quatro combinações distintas de características dos empreendedores que produzem resiliência empreendedora na indústria agrícola. Além disso, incorpora as características de negócios dos indivíduos ao examinar as combinações de características que afetam a resiliência. Adicionalmente, nossa pesquisa oferece às partes interessadas dos agroempreendedores insights valiosos para desenvolver empreendedores mais resilientes.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss Centrolac, a Nicaraguan company engaged in processing ultra-pasteurized milk, and provides abundant information for readers to decide on vertical vs horizontal integration to deal with the changing competitive environment. It has been prepared to simplify discussion and knowledge about the competitive field (where to compete); generic cost-leadership and high-perceived-value strategies (how to compete); and the action required to attain positioning (how to implement it).

The case study is based on primary research conducted in conjunction with the company, including interviews with senior management and a broad document review. Secondary research was also conducted into the relevant environmental, industry and competitor trends and characteristics.

The case study presents topics of competitive positioning and how current company strategy can have a significant impact on future growth decisions.

This case study is for use in an MBA-level business strategy course with a focus on strategic positioning and growth paths. However, it can also be used for MBA corporate strategy courses in relation to corporate expansion on issues linked to organic growth within the same business (expansion into new dairy products) or vertical integration (integration into dairy-farming).

Este estudio de caso analiza Centrolac, una empresa nicaragüense dedicada al procesamiento de leche UHT, y proporciona abundante información para que los lectores decidan entre la integración vertical y horizontal para hacer frente al cambiante entorno competitivo. Ha sido elaborado para facilitar la discusión y el conocimiento sobre el campo competitivo (¿dónde compito?); estrategias genéricas de liderazgo en costos y alto valor percibido (¿cómo compito?); y la acción necesaria para alcanzar el posicionamiento (¿cómo lo implemento?).

El estudio de caso se basa en investigación primaria realizada en conjunto con la empresa, incluyendo entrevistas con la alta dirección y una amplia revisión de los documentos. También se llevó a cabo investigación segundaria sobre las tendencias y características relevantes del entorno, industria y competencia.

El estudio de caso presenta temas de posicionamiento competitivo y cómo la estrategia actual de la empresa puede tener un impacto significativo en las futuras decisiones de crecimiento.

Este estudio de caso fue escrito para ser usado en un curso de Estrategia Empresarial a nivel de MBA con un enfoque en posicionamiento estratégico y rutas de crecimiento. Sin embargo, también puede ser utilizado para un curso de MBA en Estrategia Corporativa en relación con la expansión corporativa en temas vinculados con el crecimiento orgánico dentro del mismo negocio (expansión en nuevos productos lácteos) o la integración vertical (integración en la producción lechera).

By analyzing variables from the fields of business and neuropsychology, this document examines alternative combinations of behavioral economics and neuropsychological characteristics that would explain a successful entrepreneurial profile.

The research is based on information gathered through a survey of 1,080 entrepreneurs. The findings offer interesting perspectives for academics, professionals and government institutions, which illustrate various neuropsychological characteristics that a person must have to be a successful entrepreneur. The method consists of a novel perspective that integrates qualitative comparative analysis (QCAs), a method based on Boolean algebra that offers a study from a configurational perspective.

From the mixture of configurations, the paper explores following possible traits of an entrepreneurial mindset: cognitive flexibility, risk-taking, decision-making and teamwork.

This paper contributes to the literature on emerging attempts and approaches to understand the entrepreneurial mindset and the possible skillset that underpins successful entrepreneurship.

Mediante el análisis de variables de los campos de los negocios y la neuropsicología, este documento examina combinaciones alternativas de la economía del comportamiento y las características neuropsicológicas que llevan a los emprendedores en perfiles exitosos.

La investigación se basa en información recopilada a través de una encuesta a 1.080 emprendedores. Los hallazgos ofrecen perspectivas interesantes para académicos, profesionales e instituciones gubernamentales, que ilustran diversas características neuropsicológicas que una persona debe tener para ser un emprendedor exitoso. El método consiste en una perspectiva novedosa que integra el análisis comparativo cualitativo (QCA), un método basado en el álgebra de Booleana que ofrece un estudio desde una perspectiva configuracional.

A partir de la mezcla de configuraciones, el artículo explora los siguientes rasgos posibles de una mentalidad emprendedora: flexibilidad cognitiva, toma de riesgos, toma de decisiones y trabajo en equipo.

este documento contribuye a la literatura sobre intentos y enfoques emergentes para comprender la mentalidad emprendedora y el posible conjunto de habilidades que sustenta el emprendimiento exitoso.

The purpose of this case study is to describe the Costa Rican coffee roaster and retail company Grupo Britt and provides sufficient information for readers to discuss the company's growth options in the US and Latin American markets. It has been prepared to facilitate discussion and learning about appropriate growth strategies and the building, positioning and branding of companies from emerging economies within the internationalization processes.

The case study is based on primary research conducted in conjunction with the company, including interviews with senior management and an ample review of documents. Secondary research was also conducted into the relevant environmental, industry and competitor trends and characteristics.

The case presents the ways in which Grupo Britt has been successful in developing a new business model based on the concept of a “sense of place.” This translates as meaning that the company generates products and services that highlight the particular characteristics of the place(s) in which it operates.

This is a complex, in‐depth case study suitable for use with advanced MBA students and practitioners. Depending on the aims of the instructor, different aspects of the case can be highlighted and it can be used in a course or module focussing on strategies for growth or internationalization, international business or marketing, or brand management

This case illustrates the challenges that Pollo Campero, a Guatemalan fast food company, faces when expanding in the US market. The purpose of this paper is to stimulate a discussion about consumer segmentation, competitive strategy and the internationalization of emerging market multinationals.

The case study is based on primary research conducted in conjunction with the company, including interviews with senior management and an ample review of documents. Secondary sources have been used to gather information about the industry, the US market and consumer segments.

The case illustrates that Pollo Campero was initially very successful in the US market because it appealed to consumers of Central American origin. It found it harder to appeal to a broader range of US consumers, who had no emotional attachment to the brand.

This is a complex, in-depth case study suitable for use with advanced MBA students and practitioners. Depending on the aims of the instructor, different aspects of the case can be highlighted and it can be used in a competitive strategy class as well as in a corporate strategy class or a strategic marketing course. It can be used in a class focussing on brand, positioning and consumer segmentation, a class on competitive strategy in the fast food industry, or a class on the international strategy of emerging market multinationals.

Engaging with the interconnected dynamics of the classroom, this chapter draws from Audre Lorde's “Uses of Anger” to consider how empathy may be cultivated as a soft skill for stronger interpersonal relationships. Jocelyn E. Marshall highlights the need for mutual vulnerability between instructor and student, where vulnerability is understood to be a mode of resistance in regards to patriarchal and hegemonic higher education institutions and learning standards. By braiding queer feminisms with interdisciplinary approaches, the trauma-informed pedagogy upholds radical empathy as the linchpin to Lorde's advocating of articulating anger with precision, listening intensely, gaining new insight, and enacting change. In creating spaces to practice and further develop empathy, the trauma-informed pedagogical approach aims to empower students with agency and equip them with skills for self-accountability and holding others accountable.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework with which to understand the issues that arise in the discussion cases included in this Special Issue and explains the role of case studies in the education of those responsible for leading organizations.

This paper is based upon the review of literature from a range of disciplines, all of which is relevant to executive learning; the analysis of the cases and papers in this Special Issue, and interviews with colleagues who use the case method.

The case method is useful in the education of managerial decision makers who face complex situations, but it is most effective when the cases contain certain essential ingredients and when the instructor is skilled in discussion leadership. These ingredients include the presence of a protagonist, the deep description of a problematic situation, the existence of at least two reasonable courses of action, and sufficient data to evaluate each alternative. The interactive nature of case discussions reinforces those values and behaviors that associate with civility.

Since some of the discussion cases were in the process of completion, it was not always possible to evaluate the experience with their use in the classroom.

The introductory paper points to broader opportunities for the use of the case method, and for its adaptation to experiential learning, than is generally recognized in academia.

The use of discussion cases in management schools, where future business leaders interact with professors and classmates in an environment of critical learning and respect for opinions of others, encourages behaviors of civility.

This introductory paper is valuable in providing a framework to integrate and make sense of the diverse topics, situations, and contexts described in the cases contained in the Special Issue.