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The purpose of this study is to investigate environmental factors impacting Ajanta mural deterioration, assessing global tourism effects and visitor conduct on cave environment and murals. This study recognizes stakeholder roles in conservation, providing data-driven insights to guide institutions like the Archaeological Survey of India. The objective is sustainable tourism practices to balance public access with mural preservation for future generations.

Over 25 years, Ajanta Caves' visitors doubled, impacting microclimatic conditions for ancient murals. This study assesses visitor impact to establish a regime and determine carrying capacity, considering temperature, humidity and pollution. Challenges arise from quantifying capacity because of variables. This research informs global tourism and heritage conservation, offering methodologies applicable to cultural sites worldwide.

This study examines environmental impacts on mural preservation in Ajanta Caves, including humidity, microbial growth, sunlight exposure, air quality and tourist presence. Tourist influx escalates CO₂ levels, directly endangering murals. Concerns about particulate matter, especially during visits, emphasize the need for data-driven decision-making and modern technology use to protect Ajanta Caves' artwork, crucial because of its global significance and tourism-related vulnerabilities.

This study carries substantial social implications with a global resonance. The active engagement of the local community and tourism stakeholders in conserving and promoting the Ajanta Caves fosters empowerment, igniting a sense of pride, ownership and responsibility among residents and ensuring sustainable enjoyment of cultural heritage while safeguarding it for future generations. In addition, there will be socioeconomic benefits to local residents such as employment opportunities as tour operators, tour guides, hospitality staff, artisans and souvenir shopkeepers.

This study integrates art conservation, environmental science, cultural heritage preservation and social aspects to address global tourism challenges. Focusing on a site of worldwide significance, this study offers practical strategies for artwork preservation, tourism management and environmental concerns. These recommendations provide real-world solutions applicable to heritage sites globally, bridging scientific analysis with social and cultural insights.

本研究调查了影响阿詹塔壁画退化的环境因素, 评估了全球旅游业和游客行为对洞穴环境和壁画的影响。它承认利益相关者在保护中的作用, 为印度考古调查等机构提供数据支撑的见解。目的是实践可持续旅游, 平衡公众进入和供子孙后代使用的壁画保护。

25年来, 阿詹塔洞穴的游客增加了一倍, 影响了古壁画的小气候条件。该研究评估了游客的影响, 考虑温度、湿度和污染, 建立了一个制度并确定承载能力。量化承载能力的指标面临着挑战。这项研究为全球旅游业和遗产保护提供了信息, 提供了适用于世界各地文化遗址的方法。

这项研究考察了环境对阿詹塔洞穴壁画保护的影响, 包括湿度、微生物生长、阳光照射、空气质量和游客的存在。游客的涌入使二氧化碳含量上升, 直接危及壁画。对颗粒物的考虑, 尤其是在参观期间, 强调了数据驱动决策和现代技术应用对保护阿詹塔洞穴的艺术品的必要性。这一点至关重要, 因为它具有全球意义和旅游相关的脆弱性。

这项研究具有重大的社会影响并引起全球共鸣。当地社区和旅游利益相关者积极参与阿旃陀石窟的保护和推广, 可以增强居民的赋权, 激发居民的自豪感、主人翁意识和责任感, 确保可持续享受文化遗产, 同时为子孙后代保护文化遗产。此外, 还将为当地居民带来社会经济效益, 例如旅游经营者、导游、接待人员、工匠、纪念品店主等的就业机会。

这项研究综合了艺术保护、环境科学、文化遗产保护和社会方面以应对全球旅游业的挑战。它关注一个具有世界意义的遗址, 为艺术品保护、旅游管理和环境问题提供了实用的策略。这些建议提供了适用于全球遗产地的现实世界解决方案, 将科学分析与社会和文化见解联系起来。

El estudio investiga los factores medioambientales que influyen en el deterioro de los murales de Ajanta, evaluando los efectos globales del turismo y el comportamiento de los visitantes sobre el entorno de las cuevas y los murales. Se examina el papel que desempeñan las partes interesadas en la conservación y aporta datos para orientar a instituciones como la encuesta arqueológica de India. El objetivo son las prácticas turísticas sostenibles para equilibrar el acceso del público con la conservación de los murales para las generaciones futuras.

A lo largo de 25 años, los visitantes de las cuevas de Ajanta se han duplicado, con un impacto en las condiciones microclimáticas de los murales antiguos. El estudio evalúa el impacto de los visitantes para establecer una regulación y determinar la capacidad de carga, teniendo en cuenta la temperatura, la humedad y la contaminación. La cuantificación de la capacidad plantea problemas debido a las variables. La investigación aporta información al turismo mundial y a la conservación del patrimonio, ofreciendo metodologías aplicables a sitios culturales de todo el mundo.

Este estudio examina los impactos ambientales en la conservación de los murales de las cuevas de Ajanta, incluyendo la humedad, el crecimiento microbiano, la exposición a la luz solar, la calidad del aire y la presencia de turistas. La afluencia de turistas aumenta los niveles de CO2, poniendo directamente en peligro los murales. La preocupación por las partículas, especialmente durante las visitas, pone de relieve la necesidad de tomar decisiones basadas en datos y de utilizar tecnología actual para proteger las obras de arte de las cuevas de Ajanta, algo crucial debido a su importancia mundial y a las vulnerabilidades relacionadas con el turismo.

Este estudio conlleva importantes implicaciones sociales con una resonancia global. La participación activa de la comunidad local y las partes interesadas del turismo en la conservación y promoción de las Cuevas de Ajanta fomenta el empoderamiento, generando un sentido de orgullo, propiedad y responsabilidad entre los residentes y garantiza el disfrute sostenible del patrimonio cultural al mismo tiempo que lo salvaguarda para las generaciones futuras. Además, habrá beneficios socioeconómicos para los residentes locales, como oportunidades de empleo como operadores turísticos, guías turísticos, personal de hostelería, artesanos, comerciantes de souvenirs, etc.

Este estudio integra la conservación del arte, las ciencias medioambientales, la preservación del patrimonio cultural y los aspectos sociales para abordar los retos del turismo mundial. Centrándose en un sitio de importancia mundial, ofrece estrategias prácticas para la conservación de las obras de arte, la gestión del turismo y los problemas medioambientales. Estas recomendaciones aportan soluciones reales aplicables a lugares patrimoniales de todo el mundo, tendiendo puentes entre el análisis científico y las percepciones sociales y culturales.

The purpose of this study/paper To focus on finding COVID-19 with the help of DarkCovidNet architecture on patient images.

We used machine learning techniques with convolutional neural network.

Detecting COVID-19 symptoms from patient CT scan images.

This paper contains a new architecture for detecting COVID-19 symptoms from patient computed tomography scan images.

The main motive behind framing this paper is to provide a compromised solution for trapezoidal fuzzy number–multi-objective fully quadratic fractional optimisation model (TrFN-MOFQFOM) by avoiding ambiguities and confusion of decision-makers (DMs). Many researchers have used Taylor's series and parametric approach to transform fractional objective function into non-fractional ones, but Taylor's series expansion is valid only up to a neighbourhood. To avoid these extra efforts, this article suggests a methodology in which numerator of objective function is optimised under the condition of optimising denominator.

This paper suggests an efficient procedure to search for compromised solution of MOFQFOM with fuzzy coefficients using α-level set and FGP approach. Incomplete data in model is dealt with α-level set. Then after defuzzification, non-fractional models are built from fractional model to get optimal solution of every objective. Finally, the linear weighted sum of negative deviational variables is minimised to satisfy all objective functions up to maximum possible extent.

On applying suggested approach to the example given in end, the authors arrived at compromised solution having μO1(O1(x))=1 and μO2(O2(x))=0.71. The applied procedure requires less computational efforts and provides the preferred compromised solution.

This work has not been done previously by anyone. The idea being developed here of constructing non-fractional model by dealing numerators and denominators separately is completely new. 10; In the end, an algorithm, flowchart and numerical are also given to clarify the applicability of the suggested approach.

The purpose of this paper is to propose a structured multilevel system that will distinguish the anomalies present in different online social networks (OSN).

Author first reviewed the related work, and then, the research model designed was explained. Furthermore, the details regarding Levels 1 and 2 were narrated.

By using the proposed technique, F_Score obtained for Twitter and Facebook data set was 96.22 and 94.63, respectively.

Four data sets were used for the experiment and the acquired outcomes demonstrate enhancement over the current existing frameworks.

This paper designed a multilevel framework that can be used to detect the anomalies present in the OSN.

The main purpose of this paper is to explain the preferences of consumers for using online payment services. This paper applies a unified theory model named stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) theory for exploration.

This is quantitative research based on the structural equation modelling method. The stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) theory was applied, whereby the author conducted an online survey through a structured questionnaire with users of mobile payment services. These consumers are using online payments for online shopping purposes. The survey was conducted all over India. The sample size is 355.

The study found that utilitarian, hedonic value and salesperson behaviour impact consumers satisfaction and behaviour while using online payment services. The study found that there is a significant direct relationship between consumer satisfaction and consumer behaviour. This study examines how financial mobile services contribute to e-commerce implementation, especially in the context of India.

This study incorporates a variety of factors, including the behaviour of salespeople, which affect consumer happiness, satisfaction and behaviour intention. This study reveals a direct relationship between consumer satisfaction and behavioural intention. Accordingly, the use of mobile banking and digital financial services has a positive impact on customer satisfaction. This study suggested that awareness about e-commerce services and mobile financial services is an important aspect of consumers satisfaction. Effective e-commerce services and mobile financial services have a positive impact on consumer behaviour.

This is a comprehensive model used for online payment services and directly related to emerging economies like India. This study examines the consumer willingness of the digital market in relation to online payment services. This study contributes to the relevant literature by simultaneously examining the role of e-commerce platform characteristics and online consumer psychology in influencing behavioural intention. Numerous factors have been revealed by this investigation.

One of the important key components of health care–based system is a reliable intrusion detection system. Traditional techniques are not adequate to handle complex data. Also, the diversified intrusion techniques cannot meet current network requirements. Not only the data is getting increased but also the attacks are increasing very rapidly. Deep learning and machine learning techniques are very trending in the area of research in the area of network security. A lot of work has been done in this area by still evolutionary algorithms along with machine learning is very rarely explored. The purpose of this study is to provide novel deep learning framework for the detection of attacks.

In this paper, novel deep learning is the framework is proposed for the detection of attacks. Also, a comparison of machine learning and deep learning algorithms is provided.

The obtained results are more than 99% for both the data sets.

The diversified intrusion techniques cannot meet current network requirements.

The data is getting increased but also the attacks are increasing very rapidly.

Deep learning and machine learning techniques are very trending in the area of research in the area of network security.

Novel deep learning is the framework is proposed for the detection of attacks.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate steady state creep behavior of a functionally graded rotating disc under varying thermal gradient (TG).

The steady state creep in a rotating FGM disc with linearly varying thickness has been investigated by using von-Mises yield criterion. The disc under investigation is assumed to be made of FGM containing non-linear distribution of silicon carbide particle (SiC_p) in a matrix of pure aluminum along the radial distance. The creep behavior of the FGM composite disc is described by threshold stress-based law. The stresses and strain rates in the FGM disc have been estimated for different kinds of TG.

The results indicate that when the FGM disc is subjected to a radial TG, with temperature increasing with increasing radius, the radial stress in the disc increases over the entire disc but the tangential and effective stresses increase near the inner radius and decrease toward the outer radius. The imposition of such a radial TG in the FGM disc leads to significant reduction in the radial and tangential strain rates. With the increase in magnitude of TG in the FGM disc, the inhomogeneity in creep stresses increases but the inhomogeneity in strain rates decreases significantly, thereby reducing the chances of distortion in the FGM disc.

The creep strain rates in rotating FGM disc could be significantly reduced when the disc is subjected to a radial TG, with temperature increasing with increasing radius.

Many scholars and practitioners in the fields of business and management have recently published theoretical and empirical studies on the subject of business culture and its impact on its growth and effectiveness; yet, there has been a dearth of research on the topic of how organizational culture affects productivity. Moreover, there are hardly any theoretical or empirical research that examines these two concepts within the context of a micro-enterprise. This chapter uses a sample of 279 Ancash Region microenterprises to investigate the effect of local entrepreneurial culture on businesses’ overall performance. Among the four types of entrepreneurial cultures studied, only the Hierarchical culture was shown to have no effect on the degree of performance of the microenterprises. There is evidence of a significant causal relationship between the variables studied, the coefficient of determination was; business performance (r² = 0.796), with an SRMR of 0.037, the confirmatory model is relevant within its range of accuracy, while market culture has the greatest impact on business performance.

In today’s dynamic business environment, it’s crucial for companies to employ robust strategies and decision-making tools to remain competitive. This chapter explains the key comprehensive policies that can be applied by any company to maximise the effectiveness of the APPNIE framework. These policies include the following key elements for effective use of the APPNIE model: appointing an APPNIE manager responsible for maintaining and updating the model, collaborating with top executives, and formulating action plans; raising awareness of the APPNIE manager’s role across the organisation to encourage sharing valuable information (establishing clear procedures and channels for data collection); encouraging the communication of valuable data by offering recognition or rewards, ensuring a steady flow of filtered information; monitoring the eight quadrants using qualitative and quantitative data for up-to-date assessments of key APPNIE’s factors; organising regular meetings between APPNIE managers and directors from different functions to share perspectives, discuss action plans, and address challenges and opportunities. The chapter shows that by adopting these practices, companies can navigate ‘complexity’, make informed decisions, and enhance their overall success and competitiveness in the market.