Search results

This study aims to investigate the morphing concepts able to manipulate the dynamics of the downstream unsteadiness in the separated shear layers and, in the wake, be able to modify the upstream shock–boundary layer interaction (SBLI) around an A320 morphing prototype to control these instabilities, with emphasis to the attenuation or even suppression of the transonic buffet. The modification of the aerodynamic performances according to a large parametric study carried out at Reynolds number of 4.5 × 10⁶, Mach number of 0.78 and various angles of attack in the range of (0, 2.4)° according to two morphing concepts (travelling waves and trailing edge vibration) are discussed, and the final benefits in aerodynamic performance increase are evaluated.

This article examines through high fidelity (Hi-Fi) numerical simulation the effects of the trailing edge (TE) actuation and of travelling waves along a specific area of the suction side starting from practically the most downstream position of the shock wave motion according to the buffet and extending up to nearly the TE. The present paper studies through spectral analysis the coherent structures development in the near wake and the comparison of the aerodynamic forces to the non-actuated case. Thus, the physical mechanisms of the morphing leading to the increase of the lift-to-drag ratio and the drag and noise sources reduction are identified.

This study investigates the influence of shear-layer and near-wake vortices on the SBLI around an A320 aerofoil and attenuation of the related instabilities thanks to novel morphing: travelling waves generated along the suction side and trailing-edge vibration. A drag reduction of 14% and a lift-to-drag increase in the order of 8% are obtained. The morphing has shown a lift increase in the range of (1.8, 2.5)% for angle of attack of 1.8° and 2.4°, where a significant lift increase of 7.7% is obtained for the angle of incidence of 0° with a drag reduction of 3.66% yielding an aerodynamic efficiency of 11.8%.

This paper presents results of morphing A320 aerofoil, with a chord of 70cm and subjected to two actuation kinds, original in the state of the art at M = 0.78 and Re = 4.5 million. These Hi-Fi simulations are rather rare; a majority of existing ones concern smaller dimensions. This study showed for the first time a modified buffet mode, displaying periodic high-lift “plateaus” interspersed by shorter lift-decrease intervals. Through trailing-edge vibration, this pattern is modified towards a sinusoidal-like buffet, with a considerable amplitude decrease. Lock-in of buffet frequency to the actuation is obtained, leading to this amplitude reduction and a drastic aerodynamic performance increase.

The study set out to understand how the regional competitiveness index (RCI) in the department of Ancash related to the human development index (HDI) from 2008 to 2021. For a more complete understanding of the findings, each component or dimension of the RCI was analyzed. Ancash's HDI and its competitiveness index over a 14-year period were used as the population for this applied, longitudinal, descriptive-correlational study, which was based on secondary data extracted from the “Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática” (INEI) and business school of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (CENTRUM) statistical databases. Multiple linear regression was used to find the relationship. The research found a strong and positive correlation between regional competitiveness and human development between 2008 and 2021. No correlations were found between the HDI and the health, education, employment, or institutional dimensions of regional competitiveness, but direct and significant correlations were established between the economic environment and the HDI and between the infrastructure dimension and the HDI.

The aim of this study is to analyze the importance of knowledge in reaching organizational objectives (long-term organizational goals) and in constructing competitive advantage (value-added) and identifying the impact of this knowledge on organizational performance of franchised restaurants in an emerging market.

Likert-scale surveys were applied to 50 managers representing 80% of the franchised restaurant business in Bogotá, Colombia. Data processing was performed through descriptive statistics, multiple correspondences analysis (MCA) and logit regression (LR).

Results indicate that 1) of the set of factors that contribute to the achievement of franchise objectives, personnel motivation and continuous environmental scanning are the most important; 2) the primary sources of knowledge for construction of competitive advantage are clients and providers; and 3) the most significant impact of knowledge occurs in human resource and organizational development and in increased earnings.

The study provides evidence of the role and the impact of knowledge in the performance of franchised restaurants and thereby contributes to academic analysis and managerial decision-making.

This study provides aggregated and disaggregated analysis of empirical data on the role of knowledge in franchised restaurants, a sector with limited extant research in the context of emerging markets.

The purpose of this paper is to determine the level of efficiency in the Mexico electricity industry during the 2008-2015 period.

A data envelopment analysis (DEA) network model is proposed, where technical efficiency is calculated. A factorial analysis using the principal components method was carried out first. Later, latent dimensions were calculated through the variance criterion and sedimentation graph, where four components were presented. After performing factor rotation, the nodes were grouped: generation, transmission, distribution and sales. It proceeded later to structure a DEA network model.

From the calculations made, the most efficient node was the transmission, while the North Gulf and East Center divisions were the only efficient.

The limitations presented in this study were data collection.

The implications that were observed were that through the results obtained, proposals can be made to the Mexican electricity sector to improve each of the nodes, and have a better operation and reduce energy losses.

The social impact of this type of study is that based on the results obtained, they present the basis for improving energy policy and users can have a better service that has better quality and coverage.

The originality of this study consists in the use of two methodologies, factor analysis methodology and DEA network model.

The purpose of this paper is to build a new theoretical model from the interaction between two theoretical approaches. This model can explain the development of organizational innovations from a specific type of knowledge that the firm generate when they face internationalization process. Also, the model shows the effects of the innovations on the performance and competitiveness of the firm.

Based on the literature review, this study connects empirical evidence in two aspects. First, the development of institutional knowledge from experiential learning of the firm in foreign markets. Second, the influence of organizational innovations on the market performance in exporting firms from South American emerging economies.

The main finding of this study is that the connection between two theoretical perspectives, internationalization process and innovation, it is possible by the international entrepreneurship (IE) field, because IE establishes that the opportunities are in international borders and the firms exploit these opportunities when they build new experiential knowledge associated with institutional conditions in foreign markets. And then, the firms are able to create product innovations and services innovations from this knowledge.

This study shows the theoretical base for explaining that in South American emerging economies the exporting firms can build their competitive advantages based on innovations that arise when they do business in foreign markets.

El objetivo de este estudio es construir un nuevo modelo teórico a partir de la interacción entre dos enfoques teóricos. Este modelo puede explicar el desarrollo de innovaciones organizacionales a partir de un tipo específico de conocimiento que la empresa genera cuando se enfrenta a un proceso de internacionalización. También el modelo muestra los efectos de las innovaciones en el desempeño y la competitividad de la empresa.

Basado en la revisión de la literatura, este estudio conecta la evidencia empírica en dos aspectos. En primer lugar, el desarrollo del conocimiento institucional a partir del aprendizaje experiencial que logra la empresa en los mercados extranjeros. En segundo lugar, la influencia de las innovaciones organizacionales en el desempeño de mercado que obtienen las empresas exportadoras de las economías emergentes de América del Sur.

El principal hallazgo de este estudio es que, la conexión entre dos perspectivas teóricas como son proceso de internacionalización y la innovación, es posible a través del campo del emprendimiento internacional (EI), ya que EI establece que las oportunidades están en las fronteras internacionales y que las empresas explotan estas oportunidades cuando construyen nuevos conocimientos experienciales asociados a las condiciones institucionales en los mercados extranjeros. Luego, las firmas son capaces de crear innovadores productos y servicios a partir de este conocimiento.

Este estudio muestra la base teórica para explicar que, en las economías emergentes de América del Sur, las firmas exportadoras pueden construir sus ventajas competitivas, basándose en las innovaciones que surgen cuando ellas hacen negocios en mercados extranjeros.